Carotid arteries: Supply oxygenated blood to the head and neck regions of the body. Brachiocephalic artery: Carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the head, neck, and arm regions of the body. Aorta: The largest artery in the body, of which most major arteries branch off from. The following are some of the blood vessels associated with the heart: Tricuspid valve: Prevents the backflow of blood as it is pumped from the right atrium to the right ventricle.īlood vessels are intricate networks of hollow tubes that transport blood throughout the entire body. Pulmonary valve: Prevents the backflow of blood as it is pumped from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. Mitral valve: Prevents the backflow of blood as it is pumped from the left atrium to the left ventricle. Aortic valve: Prevents the backflow of blood as it is pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta. Heart valves are flap-like structures that allow blood to flow in one direction. Systole phase: The ventricles contract and pump blood to the arteries. Diastole phase: The heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood. Below are the two phases of the cardiac cycle: The Cardiac cycle is the sequence of events that occurs when the heart beats. Sinoatrial Node: A section of nodal tissue that sets the rate of contraction for the heart. Purkinje Fibers: Fiber branches that extend from the atrioventricular bundle. 
Atrioventricular Node: A section of nodal tissue that delays and relays cardiac impulses.Atrioventricular Bundle: A bundle of fibers that carry cardiac impulses.Heart nodes and nerve fibers play an important role in causing the heart to contract.
Endocardium: The inner layer of the heart.Ĭardiac conduction is the rate at which the heart conducts electrical impulses.Myocardium: The muscular middle layer of the wall of the heart.Epicardium: The outer layer of the wall of the heart.Ventricles: Lower two chambers of the heart.Atria: Upper two chambers of the heart.
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